What is the term used when two bifurcations develop next to each other on the same ridge?

The correct term for when two bifurcations develop next to each other on the same ridge is "double bifurcation." A double bifurcation refers specifically to the occurrence of two separate bifurcations occurring in close proximity, which can be a distinctive feature within a fingerprint ridge pattern.

In contrast, the other terms describe different features in fingerprint patterns. An enclosure refers to a type of ridge feature where a ridge encircles an area, forming a complete enclosure. Branching generally describes a single ridge that splits off into two or more separate ridges, but does not specify that these forms are occurring adjacent to each other in a bifurcation context. Trifurcation is used to describe a scenario where a single ridge divides into three distinct pathways, rather than describing two bifurcations occurring side by side.

Thus, double bifurcation accurately identifies the specific configuration of two bifurcations appearing in close relation on the same ridge.