Who was known for studying the permanence of friction ridge skin?

The correct choice, Hermann Welcker, is notable for his extensive research on the characteristics of friction ridge skin, particularly focusing on its permanence. His contributions to the field of dermatoglyphics helped establish the understanding that the patterns on friction ridges (found on fingers and palms) remain stable throughout a person's lifetime, providing a reliable basis for fingerprint identification. This foundational work is essential in forensic science, as it supports the idea that fingerprints can be used for consistent and long-term identification of individuals.

In the context of the other individuals mentioned, Thomas Taylor is less known for contributions specifically related to the permanence of friction ridge skin. Henry Faulds, while also an important figure in the study of fingerprints, is primarily recognized for his work on their identification rather than the permanence aspect. Dr. Nehemiah Grew, although a pioneer in the study of human anatomy and the skin, is not specifically credited with research focused on friction ridge skin permanence. Thus, Welcker's work is singularly significant in establishing the conceptual framework that supports the use of fingerprints as unique identifiers in forensic applications.